Not all chicken feed is the same, and choosing the right one can make a big difference in your flock’s health and egg production. Different feeds are formulated for specific life stages, from chick starter for young birds to layer feed for hens producing eggs. There are also options like grower feed, finisher feed, and even specialised blends for specific breeds or needs. Understanding the differences ensures your chickens get the right nutrition at the right time.
Isn't chicken food all the same?
Know The Law!
In the UK, strict laws govern what you can and cannot feed your poultry to protect both animal and human health. It is illegal to feed chickens any kitchen scraps or food that has been prepared or stored in a kitchen, even if it’s plant-based, due to the risk of contamination with animal by-products. This includes peelings, leftovers, and bread. Instead, poultry keepers should only provide commercial feeds or suitable raw fruits, vegetables, and grains that haven’t come into contact with a kitchen. These rules, enforced by DEFRA, aim to prevent the spread of diseases like salmonella and avian influenza.
Feed Basics
Chick Crumb
Chick crumb is a finely milled, high-protein feed designed for chicks from day one until around 6 weeks of age. It provides all the essential nutrients needed for healthy growth and development during these early stages. If you have a broody hen raising chicks, it’s perfectly fine for her to eat chick crumb too—it won’t harm her and ensures she’s getting enough energy to support her chicks. Just make sure there’s always fresh water available, as chick crumb can be quite dry.
Growers Pellets/Mash
Growers’ pellets are specially formulated for chickens aged 6 to 18 weeks, providing balanced nutrition to support healthy growth during this critical stage. They contain less calcium than layer feed to protect developing kidneys but have enough protein to build strong muscles and feathers.
Layers Pellets/Mash
Layers’ pellets are designed for hens that are actively laying, packed with the right balance of protein, calcium, and nutrients to keep them healthy and ensure strong eggshells. While they’re tailored for egg production, it’s perfectly fine for cockerels to eat them too—though don’t expect them to start laying eggs anytime soon!
Mixed Corn & Grains
Mixed corn and grains are a popular treat for chickens, made up of ingredients like cracked maize, wheat, and barley. While chickens love it, it’s more of a snack than a balanced diet, being lower in protein and nutrients than formulated feeds. Think of it as chicken junk food—great in moderation, but it shouldn’t replace their main feed. Scattering mixed corn can also encourage natural foraging behaviours, keeping your flock active and entertained.
Fermenting Feed
Fermenting chicken feed is a simple way to boost its nutritional value, improve digestion, and reduce waste. The fermentation process increases beneficial probiotics, making the feed easier to digest and helping chickens absorb more nutrients. It’s also a great way to soften feed, making it more appealing to your flock. Here’s how to do it:
- Choose Your Container: Use a clean, non-metallic container like a plastic bucket or glass jar.
- Add Feed: Fill the container halfway with your chosen feed (e.g., pellets, mash, or grains).
- Add Water: Pour in enough water to completely submerge the feed, leaving a few inches of space at the top for expansion.
- Mix Well: Stir the feed and water to combine, ensuring all the feed is wet.
- Cover Loosely: Cover the container with a lid or cloth to keep out debris but allow gases to escape.
- Let It Ferment: Leave the feed at room temperature for 2–3 days, stirring once daily. You’ll know it’s ready when it has a slight sour smell and bubbles form.
- Feed Your Flock: Strain the fermented feed to remove excess water and serve it fresh to your chickens.
Fermented feed should be used within a few days and discarded if it smells bad or mould develops.
